Tag Archives: BRICS

Saudi Arabia set to join BRICS’ New Development Bank

NDB seeks to counter the influence of Western-dominated multilateral banks – Bloomberg.

Ahmed Adel, Cairo-based geopolitics and political economy researcher

The strengthening of ties between the BRICS bank and Saudi Arabia, the world’s second-largest oil producer, is undesirable for the West as it again signals another advancement in the de-dollarisation of the global economy. In the last week of May, Saudi Arabia held talks to join BRICS’ New Development Bank as its ninth member, a decision that is not only economic but also with political motive.

Saudi Arabia’s benefit from joining the NDB is clear, given the potential for increased trade, especially Saudi exports. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is one of the world’s largest oil suppliers, and BRICS countries produce many different goods. Therefore, such cooperation can be considered mutually beneficial. Saudi membership in the NDB will expand the internal market of the BRICS countries, which means opening new opportunities for economic development in these countries.

As Bloomberg reported on May 30: “The New Development Bank, the lender created by the BRICS group of nations, will widen its membership as it seeks to boost its capital and counter the influence of Western-dominated multilateral banks.”

Saudi Arabia is the biggest economy in the region, and its neighbour, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), is already a member of the NDB. At the same time, Saudi Arabia has also expressed interest in joining BRICS. The BRICS summit in South Africa in August will discuss expanding the grouping, which could open the path for the Arab country to join.

“In the Middle East, we attach great importance to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and are currently engaged in a qualified dialogue with them,” the NDB told the Financial Times in a statement.

Talks with Saudi Arabia come as the NDB prepares to formally evaluate its funding options, which were questioned after the West imposed sanctions on Russia following the launch of its special military operation in Ukraine.

Membership will likely be granted as it would strengthen Saudi Arabia’s bonds with BRICS countries, especially when the country is pursuing closer relations with all powers, particularly China. Chinese President Xi Jinping hailed a “new era” in the countries’ ties when he visited Saudi Arabia in 2022. Most importantly, Beijing in March brokered a historic agreement between Saudi Arabia and Iran to resume diplomatic relations, something which irked Washington.

The NDB has lent $33 billion to more than 96 projects in the five founding members — Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa — but the bank has expanded its membership to include the United Arab Emirates, Egypt, and Bangladesh. Although Egypt and Bangladesh represent major emerging markets and economies, Saudi Arabia, like the UAE, would represent another rich shareholder in the NDB.

“[Fundraising options are] the most important thing at the moment,” said Ashwani Muthoo, director-general of the NDB’s independent evaluation office, which was established last year.

Muthoo declined to comment on the Saudi accession talks but said the board wanted to examine alternative instruments and currencies to bring in resources, something that Saudi Arabia can offer.

It is recalled that Mikhail Mishustin said on a visit to China in May that Moscow saw “one of the bank’s main goals” as defending the bloc from “illegitimate sanctions from the collective West”. This fact interests Saudi Arabia as it breaks from servitude to the US to become a sovereign Middle/Regional power instead.

It is recalled that China’s Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Wang Wenbin said in October 2022 that BRICS leaders agreed on expanding the bloc and expressed support for the discussion on the standards and procedures of expansion. Wang also noted that China would work with other BRICS members to jointly advance the expansion process so that more partners will join the BRICS family.

By being first accepted into the NDB, Saudi Arabia’s path to joining BRICS would be opened. As said, Saudi Arabia will likely join the NDB as the banks have a strong will to expand their membership, which will signal the Arab country’s eventual accession into the bloc.

Dilma Rousseff, the bank’s president, said at the NDB’s annual meeting in Shanghai on May 30, “The world is going through a transformation process and it’s not about one currency against any another one. NDB will continue seeking funds in the dollar market but also in the Asian market.”

The fact that the NDB is comprised of the most powerful and richest countries outside of the Western bloc has Washington concerned as it poses the greatest challenge to dollar hegemony. With the current level of the NDB project funding in local currencies at 22%, the bank is well on course to meet its goal of 30% by 2026. This percentage will only continue to grow as the years pass, and the addition of Saudi Arabia will contribute to this effort. Thus, the Middle Eastern country will actively participate in de-dollarization.

Inter-EU relations plummeting over Macron’s apparent China tilt

Somewhat surprisingly, despite increased NATO pressure, Macron has not only refused to take back his statements, but has even reiterated them, openly declaring that “being an ally does not mean being a vassal … [or] mean that we don’t have the right to think for ourselves.”

Drago Bosnic, independent geopolitical and military analyst

It’s hardly breaking news that the European Union is essentially a giant collection of vassals of the United States. Ironically enough, as the bloc effectively doubled in size since the (First) Cold War, its sovereignty has proportionately gone down. Washington DC largely accomplished this by propping up staunchly pro-US EU members. One such country is certainly Poland, as Warsaw consistently supports American interests in the EU. And while it could be argued that this is largely thanks to Poland’s virtually endemic Russophobia, the most recent episode with French President Emmanuel Macron’s visit to China clearly indicates that Warsaw’s foreign policy framework is as American as it could possibly be.

Late last week, Polish Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki slammed Macron’s “controversial” comments on Beijing, made just after he met his Chinese counterpart Xi Jinping. Morawiecki openly mocked the French President’s call for “strategic autonomy”, which also included follow-up comments about the EU “not being a direct US vassal”. Such rhetoric isn’t unheard of, particularly from France, but the question remains how exactly honest and straightforward it is. However, even a semblance of anything that could remotely be seen as “anti-American” is virtual “heresy” in Warsaw, which explains its harsh reaction to this. Morawiecki equated even just cordial EU-China ties with “cutting off relations with the US”. His exact words were:

“European autonomy sounds fancy, doesn’t it? But it means shifting the center of European gravity towards China and severing the ties with the US. Short-sightedly they look to China to be able to sell more EU products there at huge geopolitical costs, making us more dependent on China and not less. Some European countries are trying to make with China the same mistake which was made with Russia – this dramatic mistake.”

According to AFP’s reporting, Morawiecki also (implicitly) slammed both France and Germany for their allegedly “lukewarm” support for the Kiev regime and “warned” about China’s breakaway island province of Taiwan:

“You cannot protect Ukraine today and tomorrow by saying Taiwan is not your business. I think that, God forbid, if Ukraine falls, if Ukraine gets conquered, the next day China may attack – can attack – Taiwan… …I do not quite understand the concept of strategic autonomy if it means de facto shooting into our own knee. Western European nations have grown accustomed to a model based on cheap energy from Russia, high-margin trade with China, low-cost labor from Eastern Europe and security for free from the United States. Now their modus vivendi collapsed in ruins so what do they do? They want a quick ceasefire, armistice, in Ukraine, almost at any price. Some politicians in Western Europe are thinking, ‘Ukraine, why are you fighting so bravely?'”

Somewhat surprisingly, despite increased NATO pressure, Macron has not only refused to take back his statements, but has even reiterated them, openly declaring that “being an ally does not mean being a vassal … [or] mean that we don’t have the right to think for ourselves.” Macron’s recent “controversial” statements have sent shockwaves across the political West. And while they’re hardly a clear indicator of a major strategic shift in French foreign policy, as the country still supports the Kiev regime through weapons shipments that are killing the people of Donbass, they are quite an unpleasant surprise for Washington DC planners hopeful of sustaining their strategic siege of China in the Asia-Pacific, an effort that requires pan-Western support.

“The paradox would be that, overcome with panic, we believe we are just America’s followers. The question Europeans need to answer … is it in our interest to accelerate [a crisis] on Taiwan? No. The worse thing would be to think that we Europeans must become followers on this topic and take our cue from the US agenda and a Chinese overreaction… …If the tensions between the two superpowers heat up … we won’t have the time nor the resources to finance our strategic autonomy and we will become vassals,” Macron said at the time.

This and the fact that the French President said “the great risk facing Europe right now is that it gets caught up in crises that are not ours, which prevents it from building its strategic autonomy” is quite indicative of so-called “old” Europe’s desire to maintain at least some degree of strategic relevance. However, it’s quite difficult to take the “old” EU seriously in the matter of Taiwan when it’s been so religiously following Washington DC’s diktat on Ukraine for well over a decade. Despite clear and open frustrations with the US profiteering that has been “bleeding dry” the increasingly cash-strapped EU for over a year now, the bloc still continues its self-defeating subservience. As long as the EU participates in Washington DC’s crawling aggression against Russia, the desire to stop being US vassals will be nothing but that.

Brazil confirms that it will launch a pilot test of the digital real this year

gold round coin on top of a cellphone

With this advance, Brazil will become the first country in South America to launch a pilot of a sovereign digital currency.

Roberto Campos Neto, President of the Central Bank of Brazil, confirmed in the last hours that the pilot test of the digital real will be launched this year. As explained by the official during an event, the new digital currency of the central bank ( CBDC ) will be available in the second half and will have a fixed supply.

Campos Neto also assured that the new asset of the Brazilian giant will be linked to the reserve transfer system, a fiduciary payment system. With this advance, Brazil will become the first country in South America to launch a pilot of a digital currency sovereign.

This is a way to create currency digitization without creating a break in bank balance sheets. This project should have some kind of pilot in the second half of the year ”, said the BCB president.

On the other hand, Campos Neto spoke briefly about how he sees the Brazilian crypto ecosystem. As he slipped, cryptocurrencies are seen as forms of investment rather than as a means of payment, something that could change only with a greater increase in local and global adoption.

In that sense, the country commanded by Jair Bolsonaro works on a bill to regulate the crypto market, which refers to a clear definition of what status digital assets have and defines control jurisdictions in government agencies.

Source article: https://www.eleconomista.com.mx/

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Macron’s visit to China shows non-alignment may have come to Europe

Facing severe domestic problems and protests, it remains to be seen whether or not Macron will be able to push some of his bold goals, which also depend on a lot of intra-European political articulation.

Uriel Araujo, researcher with a focus on international and ethnic conflicts

French President Emmanuel Macron, leading a large delegation, and accompanied by European Commission chief Ursula von der Leyen, arrived in China last week on April 5 for his three-day state visit. There, he held talks with his Chinese counterpart Xi Jinping, Premier Li Qiang, as well as NPC chief Zhao Leki. I’ve been writing on how multi-alignment and non-alignment are emerging trends within the Global South. The French leader’s latest trip to Beijing indicates that such a trend could emerge within Europe itself – but there are challenges.

France and China have signed various cooperation deals in the energy field, particularly wind and nuclear energy, according to an Elysee palace’s statement. On April 6, Airbus chief executive, Guillaume Faury, who took part in Macron’s delegation, agreed to build a second assembly line at its Chinese factory. The agreement was announced in spite of intense American pressure on Europe to isolate Beijing. This is a reminder that China’s markets are still critical for European businesses. In spite of her “hawkish” rhetoric, even Leyen herself recently dismissed any notion of “decoupling” Europe’s economy from the Asian giant.

These trade developments were accompanied by Chinese courtship and have potential geopolitical implications. As part of its “strategic autonomy” concept, Paris has been pushing a non-confrontation approach regarding Beijing to “de-risk” relations with it. Macron’s strategic thinking is far more ambitious than that, though.

Last year, for the first time in over a decade, Paris took over the Council of European Union’s presidency (January – June 2022). This period was marked by EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen calling for the creation of a European Defence Union. During the first half of 2022, Leyen also announced the “Summit on Defence”, under the French Presidency. In post-Brexit EU, France is the only nuclear power and boasts of possessing the most combat-ready armed forces in the bloc. According to Swasti Rao (Associate Fellow at the Europe and Eurasia Center), the French President has repeatedly stressed that the Strategic Compass is “the closest thing the EU has to a military doctrine and akin to NATO’s Strategic Concept” to set EU’s alliance goals. She adds that setting up a system for European collective defense is a long-standing Macron’s ambition.

Such goals face the hard fact of a de-industrialized Europe. As I wrote before, even though Washington has been waging a subsidy war against the continent, and actually benefits from Europe’s industry and energy crises, it has become an overextended and overburdened superpower. Thus, it could actually benefit from a NATOized and militarized Europe. This would allow Washington to pivot to the Pacific – that however, could backfire, with a stronger Europe pursuing strategic autonomy. In this context, China’s courtship of continental Europe’s only nuclear power makes a lot of sense. The problem, from Europe’s point of view, is that the Ukrainian conflict has made it even more dependent on Washington, and the American economic and industrial policies against the continent make any European plans of re-arming and re-industrializing itself almost impossible for now.

There have been rising tensions between the political West and China, in what has been described as a New Cold War. This was clearly exemplified by the recent balloon hysteria. There is a so-called chip war going on, and the US-led economic warfare against Beijing in fact endangers the world’s microchip industry itself and increases the risk of butterfly effects, the Asian Great Power being a key part of the globalized world. Washington has also been pushing for further sanctions against China. This is the overall context, and so it is no wonder that Beijing’s reception of France’s approach has been warm.

“I’m very glad we share many identical or similar views on Sino-French, Sino-EU, international and regional issues,” Xi Jinping told the French leader last week. Macron, in turn, told him that Paris promotes “European strategic autonomy,” doesn’t like “bloc confrontation” and believes in doing its own thing. “France does not pick sides,” he added. This pragmatic non-aligned stance is of course challenged by many European leaders – and by Washington.

During talks with Macron, Xi Jinping remarked that Beijing regards Europe as “an independent pole in a multipolar world”, according to China’s foreign ministry’s website. The Chinese leader added that Beijing “supports Europe in achieving strategic autonomy, upholds that the China-Europe relationship is not targeted at, subjugated to, or controlled by any third party, and believes that Europe will take an independent approach to developing its relations with China.” He also urged the EU to “stand against hegemonism, unilateralism and attempts to decouple economies or sever supply chains.”

Some Western observers have accused Beijing of trying to split the transatlantic alliance. In fact, that alliance’s strength has long been shaken by its own contradictions. The very coalition to support Ukraine has been facing fissures since at least the end of 2022, partly driven by domestic problems as well as American-European disagreements and there have been talks of a slow and quiet European abandonment of Kiev since at least August. Macron himself has warned US President Joe Biden that the latter’s aggressive subsidies policies could “fragment the West”. France has also clashed with NATO and the United States in a number of issues.

Facing severe domestic problems and protests over a controversial pension reform, it remains to be seen whether or not the French leader will be able to push some of his bold goals, which also would depend on a lot of intra-European political articulation.

The Dollar is Dead and the NWO is Here as BRICS Nations Trade in Chinese Yuan and a new Currency is Discussed

Putin and Xi are making plans and they DO NOT include the USA. As I’ve said many times, the power structure has shifted from the West to the East and now its Russia and China’s time to rise and the USA and NATO’s time to fall. Of course world events are playing out so fast it will make your head spin so stay ready! PRAYED up and prepped up at all times!

Here is a great 5 min. video summary of the dollar dying a well deserved death and the rise of the NWO/BRICS currency. Notice the desperation in Steve Forbes’ face as he desperately defends the dollar and its reserve status. My guess is that he’s just putting on a show for the camera but maybe he really is that delusional.

Here is more on the demise of the dollar as the Association of Southeast Nations prepare to dump the dollar and trade in local currencies. It’s coming fast folks, it’s weeks or months away, not years!

Another set of nations are primed and ready to dump the U.S. dollar as the world reserve currency, and to exclusively trade with their localized currencies and payment systems.

While the BRICS nations and alliance has been getting the most attention as of recent for wanting to dump the dollar (after years and years of this quietly happening underneath the noses of the Western populations), another financial alliance group is looking to do the same.

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) made their intentions clear last week that they intend on doing trade with more localized currencies, and even going as far as to exclude payment giants Mastercard and VISA from the equation.

ASEAN comprises 10 different Asian nations, which include: Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam; with Australia and New Zealand also working closely with this association via new a free trade agreement pact established in November, 2022. Subtract Australia and New Zealand, and ASEAN affects over 600 million people and is one of the world’s largest economies. Read the rest at Winepress News.

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Breaking News! Russia talks up a New BRICS Currency to Rival US Dollar Hegemony

All of that and more war news on Russia, China and the USA are in today’s short video. Time is short, prayed up and prepped up!

New Currency for BRICS Nations

EU to Criminalize Cash

Australian Megabank Limits Cash

US not ready for war against China and Russia

Brazil and China agree to trade outside US Dollar

Rumble version of my video

Bitchute Version of my video

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Blinken hopes to derail India’s relationship with Russia following Scholz’s failure

The West mounts pressure on India to sever its ties with Russia.

Ahmed Adel, Cairo-based geopolitics and political economy researcher

With Russia’s military operation in Ukraine evidently destroying NATO’s ambitions, Washington is becoming increasingly frustrated that Moscow has not been isolated. Russia did not economically collapse, as was predicted in the West, partly because of the robust and longstanding relationship it has with India. It is unsurprising that in only a matter of days, Germany and the US have pressured India to capitulate their sovereignty and serve Western interests instead of their own.

German Chancellor Olaf Scholz sought assurances from India on February 25 that it would not only refuse to block, but also support efforts to isolate Russia. Following his talks with Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, the chancellor refused to reveal what exactly they discussed in relation to Ukraine.

Although the contents of the discussion were cited as being confidential in nature, it is likely that Scholz did not want to humiliatingly admit that India refused to step back from its tried and tested relationship with Russia. Scholz did reveal though that he and Modi had discussed the war in Ukraine “very extensively and very intensely.”

It is noted that this trip was Scholz’s first official visit to India but his fourth meeting with Modi since taking office in 2021. Although they also discussed ways to boost economic cooperation, including through a free trade agreement between the European Union and India, it cannot be overlooked that US Secretary of State Antony Blinken arrived in New Delhi only days after Scholz.

Days before arriving in the Indian capital, Blinken said that countries like India, which have not joined the West in denouncing Russia’s military operation, were on a supposed trajectory away from alignment with Moscow. He stressed that the process would not occur “in one fell swoop.”

“There are countries that have long-standing, decades-long relationships with Russia, with the Soviet Union before, that are challenging to break off in one fell swoop. It’s not flipping a light switch, it’s moving an aircraft carrier,” Blinken said in an interview with The Atlantic on February 24.

However, for all of Blinken’s claims that India is moving away from Moscow, there is no actual suggestion that this is occurring. The US and India cooperate through the QUAD format, a naval bloc aimed against China, but this has not meant India’s submission to Washington, as the Americans evidently anticipated.

Although India has faced sustained and continued pressure from the West to distance itself from Moscow, New Delhi has thus far resisted, citing its longstanding ties with Russia and its economic and oil interests. It cannot be overlooked that Russia has been India’s largest weapons supplier since the Cold War-era, particularly since the US traditionally favoured Pakistan.

However, Washington in recent years has looked to turn New Delhi away from its main military supplier (but without wanting to adjust its policy to Pakistan).

“India for decades had Russia at the core of providing military equipment to it and its defences, but what we’ve seen over the last few years is a trajectory away from relying on Russia and moving into partnership with us and other countries,” Blinken said, without mentioning the fact that India is moving towards home-grown production, something that Russia is playing a key role in.

None-the-less, it is expected that Blinken, in the same way as Scholz, will try and convince India to change course regarding its ties with Russia.

As Bloomberg reported, citing Kpler’s lead crude analyst, Viktor Katona, “India purchased almost no Russian oil a year ago, but has become a crucial market after the US and European Union imposed sanctions on Moscow. The Asian country imported around 1.85 million barrels a day from Russia in February, close to its potential maximum of about 2 million barrels a day.”

The cold hard facts are that Moscow and New Delhi have a longstanding relationship that India will not break just for the sake of serving Western interests. Beyond the time-tested security ties, Russia offers energy hungry India the best deal for oil, something that will not be sacrificed because of a far-off war in Eastern Europe.

According to QUARTZ, India has in less than a year saved an estimated $3.6 billion by increasing Russian oil imports. This is a significant amount for a country that depends on imports to meet 85% of its petroleum needs.

It is recalled that in November 2022, Indian Foreign Minister S Jaishankar said “Russia has been a steady and time-tested partner. Any objective evaluation of our relationship over many decades would confirm that it has actually served both our countries very, very well.”

With this statement, he effectively confirmed a continuance of the current policy despite sustained pressure – a pressure that Scholz and Blinken are the latest to apply. They are however also the latest that were unable to convince New Delhi to change its policy regarding Russia.

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2022: birth year of the multipolar world

This is a subject we talk about a lot on this website. The power structure of the world is being “reset” by the WEF and all of their cronies and it’s moving from the US and EU nations to Russia, China and India. All you need to do is look at what’s happened to the industrial base of the West since the end of WW2. The world has taken notice and are now telling the West to buzz off, we don’t have to listen to you anymore.

Lucas Leiroz, researcher in Social Sciences at the Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro; geopolitical consultant.

2022 was full of geopolitically important events. Despite being a year marked by conflicts, escalation of tensions and high risks, at the same time it was the mark of an extremely significant multipolar turn.

The year began amid rising tensions between Russia and Ukraine, which continued to deteriorate and evolve into an open conflict. In late 2021, increasingly adhering to Western anti-Russian paranoia, Kiev began a new campaign of excessive militarization, bringing substantial risks to Russian national security. The Ukrainian neo-Nazi regime also promoted an escalation in the civil war and, according to several intelligence reports released by the Russian government, would be planning a “final solution” to the civil war in the east, with the absolute extermination of the Donbass’ resistance.

To stop this violence and neutralize the risks to its own security, on February 24, Moscow launched a special military operation to demilitarize and de-Nazify Ukraine. With that, Moscow finally intervened in the eight-year conflict between ethnic Russians and Ukrainian neo-Nazi forces, bringing hope to the people of Donbass.

At first, NATO refused to participate actively in the conflict, sending only financial and humanitarian aid. But the situation began to change in April, when the first arms packages were sent to Kiev. Moscow ignored the move in order to avoid escalation, and then the Atlantic alliance began a wave of systematic arms shipments, starting to participate actively in the conflict – which is now nothing more than a NATO proxy war against Russia.

Russia is obviously superior militarily, with Ukraine having no chance of victory. But the Western insistence on sending arms, instead of mediating peace, makes it possible for the Ukrainians to prolong the conflict, even without making military progress. Furthermore, it is estimated that one-third of the soldiers currently in combat on the Ukrainian side are foreign mercenaries, including retired NATO soldiers – which shows that the West is indeed at war with Russia.

In this policy of anti-Russian aggression, US allies obey Washington’s orders even without benefiting in any way. The year ends with winter arriving in Europe and generating an unprecedented energy crisis, as the EU decided to adhere to the policy of economic sanctions, which has been encouraged by the US against Russia since the beginning of the operation in Ukraine. The US, UK and EU promote all sorts of boycotts against Moscow, while, on the other hand, the emerging world rejects this anti-strategic policy and builds an order more and more based on pragmatism and solidarity.

The plan to boycott the Russian economy with coercion went absolutely wrong, as the sanctions forced even greater integration between Russia, China and India – and consequently between these countries and all other emerging partners that maintain close ties with them. Furthermore, the current situation has accelerated the de-dollarization process, with Russia currently trading energy and oil in rubles.

With no chance of victory in Ukraine, the West resorts to attacks on its enemies in other parts of the world. In August, US Speaker of the House of Representatives Nancy Pelosi visited Taiwan, violating Chinese sovereignty over the island, as Beijing had formally prohibited the visit. The case generated an unprecedented security crisis, with China responding to American provocation through military dissuasion exercises in the Taiwan Strait. Indeed, there is danger of escalation in the near future, and, very irresponsibly, the US promises to support Taiwan militarily if China intervenes on the island, which puts the world at serious risk.

At the same time, the US is trying at all costs to foment social chaos in China in other ways. Protests against the Chinese health policy are encouraged, for example. The aim is to destabilize the country in every possible way. Something similar happens in Iran, where an attempt of color revolution was started in October, with violent protests taking place, even with the use of firearms and terrorist methods by the “demonstrators”.

Also, as a domino-effect, other security crises have been worsening recently. For example, Azerbaijani terrorists began roadblocks and generated a humanitarian crisis in the Artsakh region, as well as started several provocations against Russian peacekeepers. Another point of constant friction has been Kosovo, where armed groups have attacked Serbian forces and disrespected existing peace conventions.

In all cases, what we can see is a simple process of attempt by pro-Western forces to foment chaos in as many regions as possible to try to obtain victories in places other than Ukraine, where the Russians maintain control over the military situation. Most of these destabilization and boycott attempts have been neutralized, but the risks of escalation and the emergence of new conflicts are real.

In fact, the world situation will only stabilize when the US realizes that the unipolar world order can no longer be maintained. 2022 was the birth year of multipolarity, as emerging countries came together to say “no” to Western sanctions and continue trading freely with Russia and China. Obviously, the BRICS are a key player in this world transition, as we can see with the growing interest on the part of new countries to join the group.

In 2023, the situation will certainly continue in the same direction. Geopolitical changes tend to be positive for countries in favor of multipolarity, but the process of consolidating these changes will be done with a lot of struggle and conflict, as the West will resist as much as possible, with all its means. At some point, however, the West will have to admit its defeat and negotiate with the emerging countries a peaceful reformulation of the global order.

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